A sprocket is a core part for power transmission and chain management in motorcycles, conveyors, and all sorts of machinery. The choice of sprocket affects how your equipment performs, how often you need to service it, and how your chain and drivetrain feel on the road or in the factory. Today’s topic is sprocket catalogue – types, specs (mounting, chain standard, hub, profile, material, and key sizes), uses, customer priorities, and design.
What Is a Sprocket?
A sprocket is a profiled wheel with teeth that mesh into a chain track or other perforated device in order to transmit mechanical power. This transmission of mechanical power allows sprockets to be used to transfer rotary motion between two shafts or to provide linear motion. Sprockets are simple but provide a unique control system for many industrial uses. These include agricultural equipment, automotive equipment, conveyor belts, power transmission equipment, bulldozers, and more. Sprockets are an effective source of mechanical power.
Is a sprocket the same as a gear? No, comparable to a gear, sprockets are never directly meshed together. They always operate with a chain connecting them.
Sprocket Structure
A sprocket consists of its circular base, crowned tooth elements, and the chain or track it interacts with. There are multiple types of sprockets depending on various characteristics, such as the number of teeth.
How Does a Sprocket Work With a Chain?
The basic principle is that the wheel with teeth engages with an element (like a chain) that is pulled over the wheel as it rotates. This is achieved by the crowned tooth elements fitting into the chain. A motion or force drives the wheel, which in turn drives the chain, transmitting power or changing the torque and speed of the mechanical system.
The front sprocket usually spins faster and is made from harder steel. It tends to wear out first. On some motorcycles, you can extend its life by flipping it over if the design allows. The rear sprocket, being larger and made from softer steel, lasts longer but is not reversible. Both should be replaced together with the chain for best results.
Changing sprocket sizes changes how your vehicle responds. A larger front sprocket increases top speed but reduces acceleration. A smaller front sprocket does the opposite. On the rear, a larger sprocket gives more acceleration and less top speed, while a smaller one increases top speed but reduces acceleration. Chain length must match your sprocket setup: more teeth usually means a longer chain. These adjustments are the most direct way to shift how your vehicle feels and performs.
Sprocket Types (Specifications, Sizes, Uses, Design)
From the above, we can see that Sprockets are an important mechanical part. It is used in both daily life and high-tech fields. Therefore, different types of sprockets are designed to meet different needs. Some examples include double-duty sprockets, hunting-tooth sprockets, segmental rim sprockets, multiple strand sprockets, quick-disconnect sprockets, and idler sprockets. Below we will list the common sprocket types on the market, with their main specifications (key dimensions, hub, mounting, pitch, tooth, keyway & set, material, and surface finish), usual applications, user priorities, and design approaches that address those priorities.
Duplex Sprocket
A duplex sprocket is a toothed wheel designed to engage and drive a double-strand (two-row) roller chain for transmitting mechanical power.
Duplex Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Number of Strands | 2 (Duplex) |
| Chain Standard | ANSI 40-2, ANSI 60-2, BS 10B-2, BS 08B-2, etc. |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 15.875 mm (5/8″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 10, 12, 18, 24, 30, etc. |
| Bore Diameter (d) | 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, Pilot Bore, etc. |
| Hub Type | Type A (No hub), Type B (Single hub), Type C (Double hub) |
| Tooth Width | Double the simplex width (e.g., 10.16 mm for 08B-2) |
| Tooth Profile | Standard roller chain tooth profile (to ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Material | C45 Steel, Stainless Steel, Cast Iron, etc. |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Keyway & Set Screw | As per shaft size, optional |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 132 mm for 20T, 08B-2) |
Application:
Used in machinery that requires a double-strand (two-row) chain for higher load transmission, such as industrial conveyors, packaging equipment, and heavy-duty material handling systems.
Client Case Example:
“I need a sprocket for double-strand chains to transmit more power in my machinery.”
How to Design:
Provide two parallel rows of teeth, select strong materials, and maintain accurate alignment for both chains.
Single-Strand Sprocket
A single-strand sprocket is a toothed wheel designed to engage and drive a single-strand (one-row) roller chain in power transmission systems.
Single Strand Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Number of Strands | 1 (Single) |
| Chain Standard | ANSI 40-1, ANSI 60-1, BS 10B-1, BS 08B-1, etc. |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 15.875 mm (5/8″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 8, 12, 18, 24, 30, etc. |
| Bore Diameter (d) | 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, Pilot Bore, etc. |
| Hub Type | Type A (No hub), Type B (Single hub), Type C (Double hub) |
| Tooth Width | Standard width for single-strand chain (e.g., 4.88 mm for 08B-1) |
| Tooth Profile | Standard roller chain tooth profile (ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Material | C45 Steel, Stainless Steel, Cast Iron, etc. |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Keyway & Set Screw | As per shaft size, optional |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 67 mm for 12T, 08B-1) |
Application:
Commonly found in motorcycles, bicycles, agricultural machinery, and light industrial equipment where single-strand roller chains are used for general power transmission.
Client Case Example:
“I want a sprocket for a single-strand chain that is reliable and simple to replace.”
How to Design:
Choose durable steel, shape the teeth for single-strand chains, and offer standard sizes for quick installation.
Triplex Sprocket
A triplex sprocket is a toothed wheel specifically designed to engage and drive a triple-strand (three-row) roller chain in high power transmission applications.
Triplex Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Number of Strands | 3 (Triplex) |
| Chain Standard | ANSI 40-3, ANSI 60-3, BS 10B-3, BS 08B-3, etc. |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 15.875 mm (5/8″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 10, 12, 18, 24, 30, etc. |
| Bore Diameter (d) | 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, Pilot Bore, etc. |
| Hub Type | Type A (No hub), Type B (Single hub), Type C (Double hub) |
| Tooth Width | Triple the simplex width (e.g., 15.24 mm for 08B-3) |
| Tooth Profile | Standard roller chain tooth profile (ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Material | C45 Steel, Stainless Steel, Cast Iron, etc. |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Keyway & Set Screw | As per shaft size, optional |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 132 mm for 20T, 08B-3) |
Application:
Installed in high-power machinery and equipment that need to move large loads, including heavy-duty conveyor systems, mining equipment, and large industrial gearboxes.
Client Case Example:
“I require a sprocket that works with a triple-strand chain to handle heavy loads.”
How to Design:
Build with wider teeth, reinforce the hub, and machine all three rows to precise tolerances.
Shaft Sprocket
A shaft sprocket is a toothed wheel mounted onto a shaft, designed to transmit rotary motion and power by engaging with a roller chain.
Shaft Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Mounting Type | Fits onto shaft (with keyway and/or set screw) |
| Chain Standard | ANSI, BS, ISO, DIN (e.g., ANSI 40, BS 08B, etc.) |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 15.875 mm (5/8″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 10, 12, 18, 24, 30, etc. |
| Bore Diameter (d) | 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, Pilot Bore, Taper Bore, etc. |
| Hub Type | Type A (No hub), Type B (Single hub), Type C (Double hub) |
| Tooth Width | According to chain type (single, duplex, triplex, etc.) |
| Tooth Profile | Matches standard roller chain (ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Material | C45 Steel, Stainless Steel, Cast Iron, etc. |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Keyway & Set Screw | Provided or optional, according to shaft size |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 67 mm for 12T, 08B) |
Application:
Mounted directly on a shaft in various mechanical systems for transmitting rotary motion, such as in pumps, mixers, and gear reducers.
Client Case Example:
“I need a sprocket that mounts securely onto a shaft and drives the chain without slipping.”
How to Design:
Add keyways and set screws, offer various bore sizes, and select hub shapes for a steady fit.
Steel Split Sprocket
A steel split sprocket is a durable, two-piece sprocket made from steel that can be easily installed or removed from a shaft without having to disassemble the entire drive system.
Steel Split Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Construction | Two-piece (split) design, bolted together |
| Material | Steel (e.g., C45, 1045, Stainless Steel) |
| Chain Standard | ANSI, BS, ISO, DIN (e.g., ANSI 40, BS 08B, etc.) |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 15.875 mm (5/8″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 10, 12, 18, 24, 30, etc. |
| Bore Diameter (d) | 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, Pilot Bore, Taper Bore, etc. |
| Hub Type | Type B (Single hub), Type C (Double hub), as standard |
| Tooth Width | According to chain type (single, duplex, triplex, etc.) |
| Tooth Profile | Matches standard roller chain (ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Keyway & Set Screw | Provided or optional, according to shaft size |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 132 mm for 20T, 08B-1) |
| Mounting | Split for easy installation/removal, bolted on shaft |
Application:
Used in applications where quick installation or replacement is needed without dismantling the shaft or other components, such as in conveyor systems and industrial drives.
Client Case Example:
“I want a sprocket I can install or remove quickly without taking apart the whole shaft setup.”
How to Design:
Use a two-piece split design with bolts, and make sure both halves line up accurately on the shaft.
Industrial Sprocket
An industrial sprocket is a robust, toothed mechanical component used in heavy-duty machinery to transmit rotary motion and power via engagement with a roller chain.
Industrial Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Application | Heavy-duty industrial machinery and equipment |
| Chain Standard | ANSI, BS, ISO, DIN (e.g., ANSI 80, BS 16B, etc.) |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 19.05 mm (3/4″), 25.4 mm (1″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 8, 12, 18, 24, 30, etc. |
| Bore Diameter (d) | 25 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, Pilot Bore, Taper Bore, etc. |
| Hub Type | Type A (No hub), Type B (Single hub), Type C (Double hub) |
| Tooth Width | Varies by chain type (simplex, duplex, triplex, etc.) |
| Tooth Profile | Standard roller chain profile (ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Material | Hardened Steel, Alloy Steel, Stainless Steel, Cast Iron |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Induction Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Keyway & Set Screw | Provided or optional, according to shaft size |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 178 mm for 20T, ANSI 80) |
| Mounting Options | Keyed bore, Taper bush, QD bush, Set screw, etc. |
Application:
Designed for robust and continuous operation in heavy-duty industrial machinery, including manufacturing plants, crushers, and large automated systems.
Client Case Example:
“I need a sprocket that works well in continuous operation for large machines.”
How to Design:
Apply strong, wear-resistant metals, use thick hubs and teeth, and allow for different mounting styles.
Bush Sprocket
A bush sprocket is a toothed wheel designed with a detachable bush or taper locking system, allowing easy mounting and removal from shafts in power transmission systems.
Bush Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Mounting Type | Uses a detachable bush or taper lock bush system |
| Chain Standard | ANSI, BS, ISO, DIN (e.g., ANSI 40, BS 08B, etc.) |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 15.875 mm (5/8″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 10, 12, 18, 24, 30, etc. |
| Bore Diameter (d) | Determined by the bush size (e.g., 1210, 1610, 2517, etc.) |
| Hub Type | Typically Type B or C (with hub for bush mounting) |
| Tooth Width | According to chain type (simplex, duplex, triplex, etc.) |
| Tooth Profile | Standard roller chain profile (ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Material | C45 Steel, Stainless Steel, Cast Iron, etc. |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Keyway & Set Screw | Incorporated in bush, not in sprocket itself |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 132 mm for 20T, 08B-1) |
| Installation | Easy installation/removal by tightening or loosening bush |
Application:
Used in power transmission systems where easy mounting and removal from shafts are required, making them suitable for maintenance-prone environments like process plants and bulk material handlers.
Client Case Example:
“I want a sprocket that uses a removable bush so I can switch it out fast.”
How to Design:
Make the hub fit standard bush sizes, allow easy tightening or loosening, and keep the profile smooth.
Multi Strand Sprocket
A multi strand sprocket is a toothed wheel designed to drive two or more parallel roller chains simultaneously for increased power transmission capacity.
Multi Strand Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Number of Strands | 2 (Duplex), 3 (Triplex), or more (Quadruplex, etc.) |
| Chain Standard | ANSI, BS, ISO, DIN (e.g., ANSI 40-2, 08B-3, etc.) |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 15.875 mm (5/8″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 10, 12, 18, 24, 30, etc. |
| Bore Diameter (d) | 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, Pilot Bore, Taper Bore, etc. |
| Hub Type | Type A (No hub), Type B (Single hub), Type C (Double hub) |
| Tooth Width | Multiple of simplex width (e.g., triple for triplex, etc.) |
| Tooth Profile | Standard roller chain profile (ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Material | C45 Steel, Stainless Steel, Cast Iron, etc. |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Keyway & Set Screw | Provided or optional, according to shaft size |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 132 mm for 20T, 08B-3) |
Application:
Applied where multiple parallel chains are needed to transmit more power or synchronize different parts of a machine, such as in escalators, large conveyor belts, and synchronized industrial drives.
Client Case Example:
“I need a sprocket that can move several chains at the same time for extra power.”
How to Design:
Include multiple rows of teeth, keep spacing uniform, and use high-strength alloys.
Drive Sprocket
A drive sprocket is the powered, toothed wheel attached to a motor or shaft that transmits rotational motion and power to a chain in a drive system.
Drive Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Function | Transmits power from motor or driving shaft to the chain |
| Chain Standard | ANSI, BS, ISO, DIN (e.g., ANSI 40, BS 08B, etc.) |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 15.875 mm (5/8″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 8, 12, 18, 24, 30, etc. |
| Bore Diameter (d) | 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, Pilot Bore, Taper Bore, etc. |
| Hub Type | Type A (No hub), Type B (Single hub), Type C (Double hub) |
| Tooth Width | According to chain type (simplex, duplex, triplex, etc.) |
| Tooth Profile | Standard roller chain profile (ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Material | C45 Steel, Stainless Steel, Cast Iron, etc. |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Keyway & Set Screw | Provided or optional, according to shaft size |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 67 mm for 12T, 08B-1) |
| Mounting | Directly on motor or driving shaft |
Application:
Acts as the main driving component attached to a motor or engine shaft, found in motorcycles, bicycles, conveyors, and various motor-driven industrial machinery.
Client Case Example:
“I want a sprocket that connects to my motor and moves the chain efficiently.”
How to Design:
Shape the teeth for smooth chain contact, offer bores that fit motor shafts, and use sturdy materials for long service.
QD Sprocket
A QD sprocket is a toothed wheel designed with a Quick Detachable (QD) bushing system, allowing for fast and easy installation or removal from shafts without extensive disassembly.
QD Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Mounting Type | Quick Detachable (QD) bushing system |
| Chain Standard | ANSI, BS, ISO, DIN (e.g., ANSI 40, BS 08B, etc.) |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 15.875 mm (5/8″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 10, 12, 18, 24, 30, etc. |
| QD Bushing Size | JA, SH, SDS, SK, SF, E, F, etc. |
| Hub Type | QD hub (flanged for bushing mounting) |
| Tooth Width | According to chain type (simplex, duplex, triplex, etc.) |
| Tooth Profile | Standard roller chain profile (ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Material | C45 Steel, Stainless Steel, Cast Iron, etc. |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Keyway & Set Screw | Incorporated in QD bushing, not in sprocket itself |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 132 mm for 20T, 08B-1) |
| Installation | Fast, easy installation/removal via QD bushing |
Application:
Used in machinery where fast and easy sprocket changes are needed, such as in assembly lines, packaging machinery, and agricultural equipment.
Client Case Example:
“I need a sprocket that can be put on or taken off quickly with a QD bushing.”
How to Design:
Include a QD hub, machine the bore to match popular bushing systems, and provide clear mounting instructions.
Double Single Sprocket
A double single sprocket is a specially designed sprocket with two sets of single-row teeth spaced apart to independently drive two parallel single-strand roller chains on a common shaft.
Double Single Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Tooth Configuration | Two sets of single-row teeth, spaced apart on one hub |
| Chain Standard | ANSI, BS, ISO, DIN (e.g., ANSI 40-1, BS 08B-1, etc.) |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 15.875 mm (5/8″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 10, 12, 18, 24, 30, etc. |
| Bore Diameter (d) | 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, Pilot Bore, Taper Bore, etc. |
| Hub Type | Type B (Single hub), Type C (Double hub) |
| Tooth Width | Standard width for single-strand chain; two rows spaced apart |
| Tooth Profile | Standard roller chain profile (ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Material | C45 Steel, Stainless Steel, Cast Iron, etc. |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Keyway & Set Screw | Provided or optional, according to shaft size |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 67 mm for 12T, 08B-1) |
| Chain Separation | Customizable gap between the two single-strand sprocket rows |
Application:
Drives two single-strand chains independently on a common shaft, used in specialized conveyors and machinery that require separate chain paths for different functions.
Client Case Example:
“I require a sprocket that can run two single-strand chains side by side on one shaft.”
How to Design:
Space two rows of teeth apart on the hub and keep each row in line for smooth operation.
Drum Sprocket
A drum sprocket is a large, cylindrical sprocket with teeth around its circumference, commonly used to drive conveyor belts or chains in heavy-duty material handling systems.
Drum Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Shape/Design | Cylindrical drum with teeth machined or welded onto the surface |
| Application | Conveyor systems, bulk material handling, heavy-duty drives |
| Chain Standard | ANSI, BS, ISO, DIN (e.g., ANSI 80, BS 16B, etc.) |
| Pitch (P) | 19.05 mm (3/4″), 25.4 mm (1″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, etc. |
| Drum Diameter | 200 mm, 300 mm, 400 mm, or as specified |
| Length/Face Width | 400 mm, 600 mm, 1000 mm, or as required |
| Bore Diameter (d) | 40 mm, 50 mm, 75 mm, Pilot Bore, Taper Bore, etc. |
| Material | Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, Stainless Steel, etc. |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Painted, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Mounting Options | Keyed bore, Taper bush, Welded shaft, Flanged, etc. |
| Tooth Profile | Matches conveyor or roller chain standard |
| Weight | Heavier than standard sprockets due to drum construction |
Application:
Commonly used to drive conveyor belts or chains in heavy-duty material handling systems, such as bulk material conveyors, mining equipment, and large industrial transporters.
Client Case Example:
“I need a large drum sprocket for my conveyor belt system in bulk handling.”
How to Design:
Use a thick drum body, weld or machine teeth onto the surface, and select materials that resist abrasion.
Idler Sprocket
An idler sprocket is a non-driven sprocket used to guide, support, or maintain tension in a chain system without transmitting power.
Idler Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Function | Guides or tensions the chain without transmitting power |
| Chain Standard | ANSI, BS, ISO, DIN (e.g., ANSI 40, BS 08B, etc.) |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 15.875 mm (5/8″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 10, 12, 16, 20, etc. |
| Bore Type | Plain bore, Ball bearing, Bronze bushing, Needle bearing |
| Mounting Options | Fixed shaft, Stud, Bearing-mounted, Arm-mounted |
| Material | C45 Steel, Stainless Steel, Nylon, Cast Iron, etc. |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Tooth Profile | Standard roller chain profile (ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 67 mm for 12T, 08B-1) |
| Width | According to chain type (simplex, duplex, triplex, etc.) |
| Adjustment | Some types allow for tensioning adjustment |
Application:
Serves to guide or maintain tension in a chain system without transmitting power, used in conveyor systems, chain drives, and tensioning assemblies.
Client Case Example:
“I want a sprocket that helps keep my chain tight and straight but does not drive it.”
How to Design:
Use bearings or bushings for smooth rotation, make the hub lightweight, and offer options for easy mounting.
Taper Lock Sprocket
A taper lock sprocket is a sprocket with a tapered bore designed to be mounted securely onto a shaft using a matching taper lock bush for easy installation and removal.
Taper Lock Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Mounting Type | Taper lock bush system |
| Chain Standard | ANSI, BS, ISO, DIN (e.g., ANSI 40, BS 08B, etc.) |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 15.875 mm (5/8″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 10, 12, 18, 24, 30, etc. |
| Taper Bush Size | 1008, 1210, 1610, 2012, 2517, etc. |
| Hub Type | Flanged hub for taper bush mounting |
| Tooth Width | According to chain type (simplex, duplex, triplex, etc.) |
| Tooth Profile | Standard roller chain profile (ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Material | C45 Steel, Stainless Steel, Cast Iron, etc. |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Keyway & Set Screw | Incorporated in taper bush, not in sprocket itself |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 132 mm for 20T, 08B-1) |
| Installation/Removal | Easy and quick using taper lock bush system |
Application:
Ideal for applications that demand secure and quick mounting or removal from shafts, including pumps, fans, and industrial machinery where maintenance speed is important.
Client Case Example:
“I need a sprocket that fits onto a shaft using a taper lock bush so I can install or remove it fast.”
How to Design:
Shape the bore for standard taper lock bush sizes, create a flanged hub for strength, and keep the sprocket balanced.
Simplex Sprocket
A simplex sprocket is a toothed wheel designed to engage and drive a single-strand (simplex) roller chain in power transmission systems.
Simplex Sprocket Specifications & Size Chart
| Specification | Description / Example |
| Chain Type | Single-strand (simplex) roller chain |
| Chain Standard | ANSI, BS, ISO, DIN (e.g., ANSI 40-1, BS 08B-1, etc.) |
| Pitch (P) | 12.7 mm (1/2″), 15.875 mm (5/8″), etc. |
| Number of Teeth (Z) | 8, 10, 12, 18, 24, etc. |
| Bore Diameter (d) | 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, Pilot Bore, Taper Bore, etc. |
| Hub Type | Type A (No hub), Type B (Single hub), Type C (Double hub) |
| Tooth Width | Standard width for simplex chain |
| Tooth Profile | Standard roller chain profile (ISO, ANSI, BS, DIN) |
| Material | C45 Steel, Stainless Steel, Cast Iron, etc. |
| Surface Finish | Plain, Hardened, Black Oxide, Zinc Plated, etc. |
| Keyway & Set Screw | Provided or optional, according to shaft size |
| Outside Diameter | Depends on pitch and number of teeth (e.g., 67 mm for 12T, 08B-1) |
Application:
Used in light to medium-duty machinery for driving a single-strand chain, such as small conveyors, packaging machines, and agricultural implements.
Client Case Example:
“I need a straightforward sprocket to move a single-strand chain in my equipment.”
How to Design:
Follow standard chain dimensions, use reliable metals, and give options for different bore and hub types.
Metric Sprocket Size Chart (Pitch Diameter & Dimensions By ISO/BS Chain)
The metric sprocket dimension chart below combines all the tabular data from the Martin Sprocket metric roller chain sprockets catalog, covering ISO sizes 06B to 32B and their ANSI equivalents. It includes Simplex (single), Duplex (double), and Triplex (triple) sprocket types, with available details for Type A, B, C, and Taper Bushed configurations. The chart lists the number of teeth, pitch diameter, standard and maximum bore, hub diameter, length through bore, weight, and catalog numbers for all available sizes. This allows for quick selection and cross-referencing of metric sprockets for various industrial chain drives, ensuring correct fit for shaft sizes and power requirements. All chain technical data (pitch, roller diameter, width, tensile strength) is also standardized per ISO/BS standards for easy comparison and specification.
| ISO Chain | No. Teeth | Pitch Dia. (mm) | Type | Catalog No. | Bore (mm) | Max Bore (mm) | Hub Dia. (mm) | LTB (mm) | Weight (kg) | Bushing | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 06B-1 | 8 | 24.89 | B | 06B8 | 8 | 9 | 13 | 22 | 0.03 | – | |
| 06B-1 | 9 | 27.85 | B | 06B9 | 8 | 11 | 16 | 22 | 0.04 | – | |
| 06B-1 | 10 | 30.82 | B | 06B10 | 8 | 12 | 20 | 22 | 0.06 | – | |
| 06B-1 | 15 | 45.81 | B | 06B15 | 10 | 20 | 34 | 25 | 0.14 | – | |
| 06B-1 | 18 | 54.85 | TB | 06BTB18H | – | 25.40 | 22.23 | 47.63 | 0.18 | 1008 | H = Hardened teeth |
| 06B-2 | 12 | 36.80 | D-B | D06B12 | 10 | 16 | 25 | 25 | 0.16 | – | Duplex |
| 06B-3 | 12 | 36.80 | T-B | E06B12 | 12 | 16 | 25 | 35 | 0.23 | – | Triplex |
| 08B-1 | 12 | 49.07 | B | 08B12 | 10 | 22 | 34 | 28 | 0.24 | – | |
| 08B-1 | 14 | 57.07 | TB | 08BTB14H | – | 25.40 | 22.23 | 46 | 0.18 | 1008 | H = Hardened teeth |
| 08B-2 | 12 | 49.07 | D-B | D08B12 | 12 | 23 | 34 | 35 | 0.26 | – | Duplex |
| 08B-3 | 12 | 49.07 | T-B | E08B12 | 14 | 24 | 34 | 50 | 0.45 | – | Triplex |
| 10B-1 | 12 | 61.34 | B | 10B12 | 12 | 32 | 43 | 25 | 0.32 | – | |
| 10B-1 | 14 | 71.34 | TB | 10BTB14H | – | 25.40 | 22.23 | 49.20 | 0.27 | 1008 | H = Hardened teeth |
| 10B-2 | 12 | 61.34 | D-B | D10B12 | 14 | 28 | 43 | 40 | 0.57 | – | Duplex |
| 10B-3 | 12 | 61.34 | T-B | E10B12 | 16 | 29 | 43 | 55 | 0.82 | – | Triplex |
| 12B-1 | 12 | 73.60 | B | 12B12 | 12 | 35 | 53 | 35 | 0.67 | – | |
| 12B-1 | 14 | 85.61 | TB | 12BTB14H | – | 31.75 | 25.40 | 62.69 | 0.45 | 1210 | H = Hardened teeth |
| 12B-2 | 12 | 73.60 | D-B | D12B12 | 16 | 36 | 53 | 50 | 1.23 | – | Duplex |
| 12B-3 | 12 | 73.60 | T-B | E12B12 | 20 | 36 | 53 | 70 | 1.50 | – | Triplex |
| 16B-1 | 12 | 98.14 | B | 16B12 | 16 | 47 | 72 | 40 | 1.82 | – | |
| 16B-1 | 14 | 114.15 | TB | 16BTB14H | – | 41.28 | 38.10 | 82.55 | 1.36 | 1615 | H = Hardened teeth |
| 16B-2 | 12 | 98.14 | D-B | D16B12 | 20 | 45 | 72 | 70 | 2.36 | – | Duplex |
| 16B-3 | 12 | 98.14 | T-B | E16B12 | 25 | 45 | 72 | 100 | 3.59 | – | Triplex |
| 20B-1 | 12 | 122.67 | B | 20B12 | 25 | 76 | 90 | 48 | 2.95 | – | |
| 20B-1 | 14 | 142.68 | TB | 20BTB14H | – | 50.80 | 31.75 | 90.47 | 1.63 | 2012 | H = Hardened teeth |
| 20B-2 | 12 | 122.67 | D-B | D20B12 | 20 | 60 | 90 | 80 | 4.31 | – | Duplex |
| 20B-3 | 12 | 122.67 | T-B | E20B12 | 25 | 60 | 90 | 115 | 6.21 | – | Triplex |
| 24B-1 | 12 | 147.21 | B | 24B12 | 25 | 67 | 102 | 50 | 4.77 | – | |
| 24B-1 | 14 | 171.22 | TB | 24BTB14H | – | 63.50 | 44.45 | 107.95 | 3.54 | 2517 | H = Hardened teeth |
| 24B-2 | 12 | 147.21 | D-B | D24B12 | 32 | 67 | 102 | 100 | 8.13 | – | Duplex |
| 28B-1 | 12 | 171.74 | B | 28B12 | 40 | 84 | 125 | 70 | 6.40 | – | |
| 28B-1 | 14 | 199.80 | TB | 28BTB14H | – | 76.20 | 50.80 | 133.35 | 7.04 | 3020 | H = Hardened teeth |
| 28B-2 | 12 | 171.74 | D-B | D28B12 | 40 | 84 | 125 | 120 | 13.02 | – | Duplex |
| 32B-1 | 12 | 196.28 | B | 32B12 | 40 | 89 | 133 | 80 | 11.11 | – | |
| 32B-1 | 14 | 228.29 | TB | 32BTB14H | – | 76.20 | 50.80 | 133.35 | 6.87 | 3020 | H = Hardened teeth |
| 32B-2 | 12 | 196.28 | D-B | D32B12 | 40 | 89 | 133 | 120 | 16.32 | – | Duplex |
Type: B = Type B, D-B = Duplex Type B, T-B = Triplex Type B, TB = Taper Bushed
H = Hardened teeth
Only a sample of each size is shown above for brevity—full chart contains all tooth counts, types, and variations as given in the document.
Imperial Sprocket Size Chart in Inches (Pitch Diameter & Dimensions By ANSI Chain)
Below is a reference imperial sprocket dimension table showing the outside diameters (in inches) of sprockets for various roller chain sizes and tooth counts. This chart helps users quickly determine the correct sprocket dimensions for different chain pitches (#25, #35, #40, #50, #60, #80, #100, #120), making sprocket selection and system design easier across a wide range of industrial and mechanical applications.
| Tooth Count | #25 1/4″ Pitch | #35 3/8″ Pitch | #40 1/2″ Pitch | #50 5/8″ Pitch | #60 3/4″ Pitch | #80 1″ Pitch | #100 1-1/4″ Pitch | #120 1-1/2″ Pitch |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | 0.837 | 1.256 | 1.674 | 2.093 | 2.511 | 3.348 | 4.185 | 5.022 |
| 10 | 0.920 | 1.379 | 1.839 | 2.299 | 2.759 | 3.678 | 4.598 | 5.517 |
| 11 | 1.002 | 1.502 | 2.003 | 2.504 | 3.005 | 4.006 | 5.008 | 6.009 |
| 12 | 1.083 | 1.625 | 2.166 | 2.708 | 3.249 | 4.332 | 5.415 | 6.498 |
| 13 | 1.164 | 1.746 | 2.329 | 2.911 | 3.493 | 4.657 | 5.821 | 6.986 |
| 14 | 1.245 | 1.868 | 2.491 | 3.113 | 3.736 | 4.981 | 6.226 | 7.472 |
| 15 | 1.326 | 1.989 | 2.652 | 3.315 | 3.978 | 5.304 | 6.630 | 7.956 |
| 16 | 1.407 | 2.110 | 2.814 | 3.517 | 4.220 | 5.627 | 7.034 | 8.441 |
| 17 | 1.487 | 2.231 | 2.975 | 3.718 | 4.462 | 5.949 | 7.436 | 8.924 |
| 18 | 1.568 | 2.352 | 3.136 | 3.919 | 4.703 | 6.271 | 7.839 | 9.407 |
| 19 | 1.648 | 2.472 | 3.297 | 4.121 | 4.945 | 6.593 | 8.241 | 9.890 |
| 20 | 1.729 | 2.593 | 3.457 | 4.321 | 5.186 | 6.914 | 8.643 | 10.371 |
| 21 | 1.809 | 2.713 | 3.618 | 4.522 | 5.426 | 7.235 | 9.044 | 10.853 |
| 22 | 1.889 | 2.833 | 3.778 | 4.722 | 5.666 | 7.555 | 9.444 | 11.333 |
| 23 | 1.969 | 2.954 | 3.938 | 4.923 | 5.907 | 7.876 | 9.845 | 11.814 |
| 24 | 2.049 | 3.074 | 4.098 | 5.123 | 6.147 | 8.196 | 10.245 | 12.294 |
| 25 | 2.129 | 3.194 | 4.258 | 5.323 | 6.387 | 8.516 | 10.645 | 12.774 |
| 26 | 2.209 | 3.314 | 4.418 | 5.523 | 6.627 | 8.836 | 11.045 | 13.254 |
| 27 | 2.289 | 3.434 | 4.578 | 5.723 | 6.867 | 9.156 | 11.445 | 13.734 |
| 28 | 2.369 | 3.553 | 4.738 | 5.922 | 7.106 | 9.475 | 11.844 | 14.213 |
| 29 | 2.449 | 3.673 | 4.898 | 6.122 | 7.346 | 9.795 | 12.244 | 14.693 |
| 30 | 2.529 | 3.793 | 5.057 | 6.321 | 7.586 | 10.114 | 12.643 | 15.171 |
| 31 | 2.609 | 3.913 | 5.217 | 6.521 | 7.826 | 10.434 | 13.043 | 15.651 |
| 32 | 2.688 | 4.032 | 5.377 | 6.721 | 8.065 | 10.753 | 13.441 | 16.130 |
| 33 | 2.768 | 4.152 | 5.537 | 6.921 | 8.305 | 11.073 | 13.841 | 16.610 |
| 34 | 2.848 | 4.272 | 5.696 | 7.119 | 8.543 | 11.391 | 14.239 | 17.087 |
| 35 | 2.928 | 4.392 | 5.856 | 7.319 | 8.783 | 11.711 | 14.639 | 17.567 |
| 36 | 3.008 | 4.511 | 6.015 | 7.519 | 9.023 | 12.030 | 15.038 | 18.045 |
| 37 | 3.087 | 4.631 | 6.175 | 7.718 | 9.262 | 12.349 | 15.436 | 18.524 |
| 38 | 3.167 | 4.751 | 6.334 | 7.918 | 9.501 | 12.668 | 15.835 | 19.002 |
| 39 | 3.247 | 4.870 | 6.494 | 8.117 | 9.740 | 12.987 | 16.234 | 19.481 |
| 40 | 3.327 | 4.990 | 6.653 | 8.316 | 9.980 | 13.306 | 16.633 | 19.959 |
| 41 | 3.406 | 5.109 | 6.813 | 8.516 | 10.219 | 13.625 | 17.031 | 20.438 |
| 42 | 3.486 | 5.229 | 6.972 | 8.715 | 10.458 | 13.944 | 17.430 | 20.916 |
| 43 | 3.566 | 5.349 | 7.132 | 8.914 | 10.697 | 14.263 | 17.829 | 21.395 |
| 44 | 3.646 | 5.468 | 7.291 | 9.114 | 10.937 | 14.582 | 18.228 | 21.873 |
| 45 | 3.725 | 5.588 | 7.451 | 9.313 | 11.176 | 14.901 | 18.626 | 22.352 |
| 46 | 3.805 | 5.707 | 7.610 | 9.512 | 11.414 | 15.219 | 19.024 | 22.829 |
| 47 | 3.885 | 5.827 | 7.769 | 9.711 | 11.654 | 15.538 | 19.423 | 23.307 |
| 48 | 3.964 | 5.946 | 7.929 | 9.911 | 11.893 | 15.857 | 19.821 | 23.786 |
| 49 | 4.044 | 6.066 | 8.088 | 10.110 | 12.132 | 16.176 | 20.220 | 24.264 |
| 50 | 4.124 | 6.186 | 8.248 | 10.309 | 12.371 | 16.495 | 20.619 | 24.743 |
| 140 | 11.289 | 16.934 | 22.578 | 28.223 | 33.867 | 45.156 | 56.445 | 67.734 |
Sprocket Calculation Formula for Design
When it comes to the design and choose of sprockets, you need to pay attention to the number of teeth, the diameter, the pitch, the pitch circle diameter, and the speed calculations. Sprockets are made with a whole number of teeth, and the actual performance is determined by the diameter and the resulting chain speed and mechanical advantage. The bigger the sprocket, the longer the travel is per revolution, and that’s why you do that. Using a smaller sprocket gears it down and gives mechanical advantage. When you calculate the speed, just plug in the values to find the unknown RPM.
By using the following formulas and concepts, you can accurately design and select sprockets for your application, ensuring both performance and durability in your chain-driven system.
Sprocket Teeth Calculation & Formula
Sprockets are purchased by the number of teeth, as you can’t have a half a tooth on a sprocket, so it’s going to be, you know, seven, eight or nine. The number of teeth is one of the first things you need to know.
Gear Ratio Formula:
Gear Ratio = (Number of teeth on driven sprocket) / (Number of teeth on driving sprocket)For example, if your driver sprocket has 20 teeth and your driven sprocket has 40 teeth, the gear ratio is 2:1.
Sprocket Diameter Calculation & Formula
When that crankshaft goes one revolution, the distance that the chain moves is determined by the diameter of that sprocket. For example, let’s say arbitrarily that’s four inches. So one revolution of a crankshaft, that tooth is moving forward four inches because it is going to move forward by the diameter of that rim.
Pitch Diameter Formula:
Pitch Diameter (D) = P / sin(π / N)Where:
- P = Chain pitch (distance between chain pins)
- N = Number of sprocket teeth
Sprocket PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) Calculation & Formula
PCD, or Pitch Circle Diameter, is the diameter of the circle passing through the centers of all the sprocket’s teeth.
PCD Formula:
PCD = P / sin(180° / N)Note: If using degrees, convert π radians to 180°.
Sprocket Speed Calculation & Formula
The RPM (revolutions per minute) of chain sprockets on a machine varies depending on several factors including the motor’s RPM or driver’s sprocket RPM, the gearing ratios and the size of the sprockets. To calculate the RPM of the driven sprocket, you need to know the number of teeth on both sprockets and the RPM of the driver sprocket.
Speed (RPM) Formula:
N₂ = (N₁ × T₁) / T₂Where:
- N₁ = RPM of driving sprocket
- T₁ = Number of teeth on driving sprocket
- T₂ = Number of teeth on driven sprocket
- N₂ = RPM of driven sprocket
Example:
The driver’s chain sprocket has 40 teeth and RPM is 900, where the driven sprocket has 20 teeth.
N₂ = (900 × 40) / 20 = 1,800 RPMSo the driven sprocket will rotate at 1,800 RPM.
Sprocket Pitch Calculation & Formula
Pitch is the distance between the centers of two consecutive chain pins, and it must match the chain being used.
Pitch Formula:
Pitch (P) = Circumference / Number of teethOr, simply:
P is defined by the chain standard (e.g., ½”, 5/8″, etc.)
The pitch determines both the chain and sprocket compatibility.
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